1/28/2010
1/19/2010
1/16/2010
Circulatory System
Circulatory System: The Circle of Blood
On average, your body has about 5 liters of blood continually traveling through it by way of the circulatory system. The heart, the lungs, and the blood vessels work together to form the circle part of the circulatory system. The pumping of the heart forces the blood on its journey.
The body's circulatory system really has three distinct parts: pulmonary circulation, coronary circulation, and systemic circulation. Or, the lungs (pulmonary), the heart (coronary), and the rest of the system (systemic). Each part must be working independently in order for them to all work together.
On average, your body has about 5 liters of blood continually traveling through it by way of the circulatory system. The heart, the lungs, and the blood vessels work together to form the circle part of the circulatory system. The pumping of the heart forces the blood on its journey.
The body's circulatory system really has three distinct parts: pulmonary circulation, coronary circulation, and systemic circulation. Or, the lungs (pulmonary), the heart (coronary), and the rest of the system (systemic). Each part must be working independently in order for them to all work together.
Skeletal System
The Skeletal System
The Skeletal System serves many important functions; it provides the shape and form for our bodies in addition to supporting, protecting, allowing bodily movement, producing blood for the body, and storing minerals.
Functions
Its 206 bones form a rigid framework to which the softer tissues and organs of the body are attached.
Vital organs are protected by the skeletal system. The brain is protected by the surrounding skull as the heart and lungs are encased by the sternum and rib cage.
Bodily movement is carried out by the interaction of the muscular and skeletal systems. For this reason, they are often grouped together as the musculo-skeletal system. Muscles are connected to bones by tendons. Bones are connected to each other by ligaments. Where bones meet one another is typically called a joint. Muscles which cause movement of a joint are connected to two different bones and contract to pull them together. An example would be the contraction of the biceps and a relaxation of the triceps. This produces a bend at the elbow. The contraction of the triceps and relaxation of the biceps produces the effect of straightening the arm.
Blood cells are produced by the marrow located in some bones. An average of 2.6 million red blood cells are produced each second by the bone marrow to replace those worn out and destroyed by the liver.
Bones serve as a storage area for minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. When an excess is present in the blood, buildup will occur within the bones. When the supply of these minerals within the blood is low, it will be withdrawn from the bones to replenish the supply.
Divisions of the Skeleton
The human skeleton is divided into two distinct parts:
The axial skeleton consists of bones that form the axis of the body and support and protect the organs of the head, neck, and trunk.
The Skull
The Sternum
The Ribs
The Vertebral Column
The appendicular skeleton is composed of bones that anchor the appendages to the axial skeleton.
The Upper Extremities
The Lower Extremities
The Shoulder Girdle
The Pelvic Girdle--(the sacrum and coccyx are considered part of the vertebral column)
Types of Bone
The bones of the body fall into four general categories: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Long bones are longer than they are wide and work as levers. The bones of the upper and lower extremities (ex. humerus, tibia, femur, ulna, metacarpals, etc.) are of this type. Short bones are short, cube-shaped, and found in the wrists and ankles. Flat bones have broad surfaces for protection of organs and attachment of muscles (ex. ribs, cranial bones, bones of shoulder girdle). Irregular bones are all others that do not fall into the previous categories. They have varied shapes, sizes, and surfaces features and include the bones of the vertebrae and a few in the skull.
Bone Composition
Bones are composed of tissue that may take one of two forms. Compact, or dense bone, and spongy, or cancellous, bone. Most bones contain both types. Compact bone is dense, hard, and forms the protective exterior portion of all bones. Spongy bone is inside the compact bone and is very porous (full of tiny holes). Spongy bone occurs in most bones. The bone tissue is composed of several types of bone cells embedded in a web of inorganic salts (mostly calcium and phosphorus) to give the bone strength, and collagenous fibers and ground substance to give the bone flexibility
The Skeletal System serves many important functions; it provides the shape and form for our bodies in addition to supporting, protecting, allowing bodily movement, producing blood for the body, and storing minerals.
Functions
Its 206 bones form a rigid framework to which the softer tissues and organs of the body are attached.
Vital organs are protected by the skeletal system. The brain is protected by the surrounding skull as the heart and lungs are encased by the sternum and rib cage.
Bodily movement is carried out by the interaction of the muscular and skeletal systems. For this reason, they are often grouped together as the musculo-skeletal system. Muscles are connected to bones by tendons. Bones are connected to each other by ligaments. Where bones meet one another is typically called a joint. Muscles which cause movement of a joint are connected to two different bones and contract to pull them together. An example would be the contraction of the biceps and a relaxation of the triceps. This produces a bend at the elbow. The contraction of the triceps and relaxation of the biceps produces the effect of straightening the arm.
Blood cells are produced by the marrow located in some bones. An average of 2.6 million red blood cells are produced each second by the bone marrow to replace those worn out and destroyed by the liver.
Bones serve as a storage area for minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. When an excess is present in the blood, buildup will occur within the bones. When the supply of these minerals within the blood is low, it will be withdrawn from the bones to replenish the supply.
Divisions of the Skeleton
The human skeleton is divided into two distinct parts:
The axial skeleton consists of bones that form the axis of the body and support and protect the organs of the head, neck, and trunk.
The Skull
The Sternum
The Ribs
The Vertebral Column
The appendicular skeleton is composed of bones that anchor the appendages to the axial skeleton.
The Upper Extremities
The Lower Extremities
The Shoulder Girdle
The Pelvic Girdle--(the sacrum and coccyx are considered part of the vertebral column)
Types of Bone
The bones of the body fall into four general categories: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Long bones are longer than they are wide and work as levers. The bones of the upper and lower extremities (ex. humerus, tibia, femur, ulna, metacarpals, etc.) are of this type. Short bones are short, cube-shaped, and found in the wrists and ankles. Flat bones have broad surfaces for protection of organs and attachment of muscles (ex. ribs, cranial bones, bones of shoulder girdle). Irregular bones are all others that do not fall into the previous categories. They have varied shapes, sizes, and surfaces features and include the bones of the vertebrae and a few in the skull.
Bone Composition
Bones are composed of tissue that may take one of two forms. Compact, or dense bone, and spongy, or cancellous, bone. Most bones contain both types. Compact bone is dense, hard, and forms the protective exterior portion of all bones. Spongy bone is inside the compact bone and is very porous (full of tiny holes). Spongy bone occurs in most bones. The bone tissue is composed of several types of bone cells embedded in a web of inorganic salts (mostly calcium and phosphorus) to give the bone strength, and collagenous fibers and ground substance to give the bone flexibility
Roman numerals
Roman Numerals 1-100
1= I
2 = II
3 = III
4 = IV
5 = V
6 = VI
7 = VII
8 = VIII
9 = IX
10 = X
11 = XI
12 = XII
13 = XIII
14 = XIV
15 = XV
16 = XVI
17 = XVII
18 = XVIII
19 = XIX
20 = XX
21 = XXI
22 = XXII
23 = XXIII
24 = XXIV
25 = XXV
26 = XXVI
27 = XXVII
28 = XXVIII
29 = XXIX
30 = XXX
31 = XXXI
32 = XXXII
33 = XXXIII
34 = XXXIV
35 = XXXV
36 = XXXVI
37 = XXXVII
38 = XXXVIII
39 = XXXIX
40 = XL
41 = XLI
42 = XLII
43 = XLIII
44 = XLIV
45 = XLV
46 = XLVI
47 = XLVII
48 = XLVIII
49 = XLIX
50 = L
51 = LI
52 = LII
53 = LIII
54 = LIV
55 = LV
56 = LVI
57 = LVII
58 = LVIII
59 = LIX
60 = LX
61 = LXI
62 = LXII
63 = LXIII
64 = LXIV
65 = LXV
66 = LXVI
67 = LXVII
68 = LXVIII
69 = LXIX
70 = LXX
71 = LXXI
72 = LXXII
73 = LXXIII
74 = LXXIV
75 = LXXV
76 = LXXVI
77 = LXXVII
78 = LXXVIII
79 = LXXIX
80 = LXXX
81 = LXXXI
82 = LXXXII
83 = LXXXIII
84 = LXXXIV
85 = LXXXV
86 = LXXXVI
87 = LXXXVII
88 = LXXXVIII
89 = LXXXIX
90 = XC
91 = XCI
92 = XCII
93 = XCIII
94 = XCIV
95 = XCV
96 = XCVI
97 = XCVII
98 = XCVIII
99 = XCIX
100 =C
1= I
2 = II
3 = III
4 = IV
5 = V
6 = VI
7 = VII
8 = VIII
9 = IX
10 = X
11 = XI
12 = XII
13 = XIII
14 = XIV
15 = XV
16 = XVI
17 = XVII
18 = XVIII
19 = XIX
20 = XX
21 = XXI
22 = XXII
23 = XXIII
24 = XXIV
25 = XXV
26 = XXVI
27 = XXVII
28 = XXVIII
29 = XXIX
30 = XXX
31 = XXXI
32 = XXXII
33 = XXXIII
34 = XXXIV
35 = XXXV
36 = XXXVI
37 = XXXVII
38 = XXXVIII
39 = XXXIX
40 = XL
41 = XLI
42 = XLII
43 = XLIII
44 = XLIV
45 = XLV
46 = XLVI
47 = XLVII
48 = XLVIII
49 = XLIX
50 = L
51 = LI
52 = LII
53 = LIII
54 = LIV
55 = LV
56 = LVI
57 = LVII
58 = LVIII
59 = LIX
60 = LX
61 = LXI
62 = LXII
63 = LXIII
64 = LXIV
65 = LXV
66 = LXVI
67 = LXVII
68 = LXVIII
69 = LXIX
70 = LXX
71 = LXXI
72 = LXXII
73 = LXXIII
74 = LXXIV
75 = LXXV
76 = LXXVI
77 = LXXVII
78 = LXXVIII
79 = LXXIX
80 = LXXX
81 = LXXXI
82 = LXXXII
83 = LXXXIII
84 = LXXXIV
85 = LXXXV
86 = LXXXVI
87 = LXXXVII
88 = LXXXVIII
89 = LXXXIX
90 = XC
91 = XCI
92 = XCII
93 = XCIII
94 = XCIV
95 = XCV
96 = XCVI
97 = XCVII
98 = XCVIII
99 = XCIX
100 =C
Arabic numerals
Arabic Numbers
٠
0
sifr
صفر
١
1
wahid
واحد
٢
2
ithnan
إثنان
٣
3
thalatha
ثلاثة
٤
4
arba’a
أربعة
٥
5
khamsa
خمسة
٦
6
sitta
ستة
٧
7
sab’a
سبعة
٨
8
thamaniya
ثمانية
٩
9
tis’a
تسعة
١٠
10
‘ashra
عشرة
١١
11
ahada ‘ashar
إحدى عشر
١٣
13
thalatha ‘ashar
ثلاثة عشر
١٢
12
ithna ‘ashar
إثنا عشر
١٤
14
arba’a ‘ashar
أربعة عشر
١٥
15
khamsa ‘ashar
خمسة عشر
١٦
16
sitta ‘ashar
ستة عشر
١٧
17
sab’a ‘ashar
سبعة عشر
١٨
18
thamaniya ‘ashar
ثمانية عشر
١٩
19
tis’a ‘ashar
تسعة عشر
٢٠
20
‘ishrun
عشرون
٢١
21
wahed wa-’ishrun
واحد و عشرون
٢٢
22
ithnane wa-’ishrun
إثنان وعشرون
٢٣
23
thalatha wa-’ishrun
ثلاثة و عشرون
٢٤
24
arba’a wa-’ishrun
أربعة و عشرون
٢٥
25
khamsa wa-’ishrun
خمسة و عشرون
٢٦
26
sitta wa-’ishrun
ستة و عشرون
٢٧
27
sab’a wa-’ishrun
سبعة وعشرون
٢٨
28
thamaniya wa-’ishrun
ثمانية و عشرون
٢٩
29
tis’a wa-’ishrun
تسعة و عشرون
٣٠
30
thalathun
ثلاثون
٣١
31
wahid wa-thalathun
واحد و ثلاثون
٤٠
40
arba’un
أربعون
٤٢
42
ithnan wa-arba’un
إثنان و أربعون
٥٠
50
khamsun
خمسون
٥٣
53
thalatha wa-khamsun
ثلاثة و خمسون
٦٠
60
sittun
ستون
٦٤
64
arba'a wa-sittun
أربعة و ستون
٧٠
70
sab’un
سبعون
٧٥
75
khamsa wa-sab’un
خمسة و سبعون
٨٠
80
thamanun
ثمانون
٨٦
86
sitta wa-thamanun
ستة و ثمانون
٩٠
90
tis’un
تسعون
٩٧
97
sab'a wa-tis’un
سبعة و تسعون
١٠٠
100
mi'a
مائة
١٠٠٠
1000
alf
ألف
٢٠٠٠
2000
alfain
ألفين
١٠٠٠٠٠
100000
mi'at alf
مائة ألف
١٠٠٠٠٠٠٠
10000000
Million
مليون
٠
0
sifr
صفر
١
1
wahid
واحد
٢
2
ithnan
إثنان
٣
3
thalatha
ثلاثة
٤
4
arba’a
أربعة
٥
5
khamsa
خمسة
٦
6
sitta
ستة
٧
7
sab’a
سبعة
٨
8
thamaniya
ثمانية
٩
9
tis’a
تسعة
١٠
10
‘ashra
عشرة
١١
11
ahada ‘ashar
إحدى عشر
١٣
13
thalatha ‘ashar
ثلاثة عشر
١٢
12
ithna ‘ashar
إثنا عشر
١٤
14
arba’a ‘ashar
أربعة عشر
١٥
15
khamsa ‘ashar
خمسة عشر
١٦
16
sitta ‘ashar
ستة عشر
١٧
17
sab’a ‘ashar
سبعة عشر
١٨
18
thamaniya ‘ashar
ثمانية عشر
١٩
19
tis’a ‘ashar
تسعة عشر
٢٠
20
‘ishrun
عشرون
٢١
21
wahed wa-’ishrun
واحد و عشرون
٢٢
22
ithnane wa-’ishrun
إثنان وعشرون
٢٣
23
thalatha wa-’ishrun
ثلاثة و عشرون
٢٤
24
arba’a wa-’ishrun
أربعة و عشرون
٢٥
25
khamsa wa-’ishrun
خمسة و عشرون
٢٦
26
sitta wa-’ishrun
ستة و عشرون
٢٧
27
sab’a wa-’ishrun
سبعة وعشرون
٢٨
28
thamaniya wa-’ishrun
ثمانية و عشرون
٢٩
29
tis’a wa-’ishrun
تسعة و عشرون
٣٠
30
thalathun
ثلاثون
٣١
31
wahid wa-thalathun
واحد و ثلاثون
٤٠
40
arba’un
أربعون
٤٢
42
ithnan wa-arba’un
إثنان و أربعون
٥٠
50
khamsun
خمسون
٥٣
53
thalatha wa-khamsun
ثلاثة و خمسون
٦٠
60
sittun
ستون
٦٤
64
arba'a wa-sittun
أربعة و ستون
٧٠
70
sab’un
سبعون
٧٥
75
khamsa wa-sab’un
خمسة و سبعون
٨٠
80
thamanun
ثمانون
٨٦
86
sitta wa-thamanun
ستة و ثمانون
٩٠
90
tis’un
تسعون
٩٧
97
sab'a wa-tis’un
سبعة و تسعون
١٠٠
100
mi'a
مائة
١٠٠٠
1000
alf
ألف
٢٠٠٠
2000
alfain
ألفين
١٠٠٠٠٠
100000
mi'at alf
مائة ألف
١٠٠٠٠٠٠٠
10000000
Million
مليون
Al- kafiron
سُوۡرَةُ الکافِرون
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
قُلۡ يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلۡڪَـٰفِرُونَ (١) لَآ أَعۡبُدُ مَا تَعۡبُدُونَ (٢) وَلَآ أَنتُمۡ عَـٰبِدُونَ مَآ أَعۡبُدُ (٣) وَلَآ أَنَا۟ عَابِدٌ۬ مَّا عَبَدتُّمۡ (٤) وَلَآ أَنتُمۡ عَـٰبِدُونَ مَآ أَعۡبُدُ (٥) لَكُمۡ دِينُكُمۡ وَلِىَ دِينِ (٦)
Al-Kafiroon
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
Say: O disbelievers! (1) I worship not that which ye worship; (2) Nor worship ye that which I worship. (3) And I shall not worship that which ye worship. (4) Nor will ye worship that which I worship. (5) Unto you your religion, and unto me my religion. (6)
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
قُلۡ يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلۡڪَـٰفِرُونَ (١) لَآ أَعۡبُدُ مَا تَعۡبُدُونَ (٢) وَلَآ أَنتُمۡ عَـٰبِدُونَ مَآ أَعۡبُدُ (٣) وَلَآ أَنَا۟ عَابِدٌ۬ مَّا عَبَدتُّمۡ (٤) وَلَآ أَنتُمۡ عَـٰبِدُونَ مَآ أَعۡبُدُ (٥) لَكُمۡ دِينُكُمۡ وَلِىَ دِينِ (٦)
Al-Kafiroon
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
Say: O disbelievers! (1) I worship not that which ye worship; (2) Nor worship ye that which I worship. (3) And I shall not worship that which ye worship. (4) Nor will ye worship that which I worship. (5) Unto you your religion, and unto me my religion. (6)
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)